Ruth Espinosa-Merino, Subdirección de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Servicios de Salud del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, México
Mireya Montesano-Villamil, Subsecretaría de Servicios de Salud Zona B, Servicios de Salud del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, México
Rosario E. Ordóñez-Correa, Departamento de Epidemiología, Centro de Salud con Servicios Ampliados San Pedro Cholula, Servicios de Salud del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, México
Mónica Cuaya-Coatl, Consulta externa, Centro de Salud con Servicios Ampliados Tlaxcalancingo, Servicios de Salud del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, México
Sagrario Lobato, Departamento de Investigación en Salud, Servicios de Salud del Estado de Puebla. Puebla, México
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has been considered a social disease, and the World Health Organization regards it as a severe global public health problem. Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of TB in Puebla, Mexico, in 2022 and 2023 and its relationship with the Social Determinants of Health (SDH). Material and methods: Correlational and retrospective study with 2,002 subjects. Variables: TB profile (anatomical location, comorbidities, and drug resistance) and SDH (marginalization, educational level, and occupation). Results: Negative correlations were found between educational level and occupation with TB and comorbidities (p = 0.05). No correlation was found between marginalization and TB profile (p = 0.05). The correlation between drug resistance and SDH was low or not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our study suggests that, although marginalization did not show a significant association with TB in the region, other determinants, such as educational level and occupation, did exhibit an inversely proportional relationship with the presence of the disease and its comorbidities.
Keywords: Social determinants of health. Mexico. Tuberculosis.